Sear safety actuated by rotation of bolt



March 28, 1961 A U T C A Y T E F A S R A E s Y QM@ h: K Y gg, .i NM1 1 1| l l l Sw l bu NIH., n IIII 'I .a/ Y W wlillif/ f 2 f @w vv March 28, 1961 T. R. ROBINSON, JR 2,976,537

SEAR SAFETY ACTUATED BY ROTATION 0F' BOLT Filed OC. 27, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS N @Y wl www Irl@ Nmmwlllwlug m" Q v .QN

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SEAR SAFETY ACTUATED BY ROTATION OF BOLT Filed Oct. 27, 1958, Ser. No. 769,894

6 Claims. (Cl. 42-70) This invention relates to a safety mechanism for firearms and more particularly to a safety mechanism for a bolt-action firearm in which the breech bolt is permitted a rotating movement in the receiver to unlock it from its battery position'so that it may be retracted rearwardly in order to eject a spent shell and introduce a new cartridge into the receiver.

lIhe invention particularly relates to single-shot rearms where safety is a prime consideration in that such guns are usually made for beginning shooters and an automatic safety of such a nature that it may not be moved to ring position until the action is fully locked is very desirable. l

In most guns of this character where an automatic safety is provided the safety mechanism will be moved to its safe position by the retraction of the bolt and is released so that it may be moved to firing position by the forward motion of the bolt. Therefore, when the bolt is pushed forward as far as it can go, whether or not it is rotated to its locked position, the safety mechanism is released so that it can be moved to ring position. Thus such an automatic safety may be moved to its inoperative or ring position before the gun is fully closed and this often occurs for the reason that the shooters hand, while moving the breech bolt forwardly, can and sometimes does strike the safety button carrying it forward to position to release the trigger so that before the gun is locked it may be in condition to re.

It is contemplatedby the present invention to provide a safety mechanism which will be moved to safe position by the retraction of the bolt and which will be maintained in this position until the bolt is returned to battery position and locked therein so that the safety cannot be pushed to its off or firing position until the bolt is actually locked. Hence, if the safety button or other operating means is moved forwardly to the off position of the safety mechanism, this cannot occur while the bolt is being moved forwardly but only after the bolt has been rotated to its locked position.

This action is effected by means of a cavity or cam surface provided in the breech bolt in which is received the inner end of a plunger mounted in the receiver when the breech bolt is in its forward and locked position. The outer end of the plunger engages the automatic safety mechanism so that, when its inner end is not received in the breech-bolt cavity, the plunger is cammed outwardly to move the safety mechanism to, and retain it in, its safe position. Therefore, whenever the bolt is rotated to, or stands in, a position other than its locked position, the safety mechanism will be retained in its safe position.

One object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved safety mechanism for bolt-action firearms.

A further object of the invention is to provide a safety mechanism for bolt-action firearms such that the mechanism will be moved to its safe position whenever the bolt is rotated to its unlocked position and retained therein until the bolt is fully locked in its tiring position.

until the bol-t is rotated to its locked position, whereupon.

the safety may be moved to its olf position to permit ring of the gun.

To these and other ends the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be herein-A after described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in lon-'- gitudinal section of a firearm embodying my invention showing the bolt in closed and locked position and the` safety mechanism in off position;

Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the parts in position.

when the bolt has been rotated to unlocked position to' V permit retraction thereof;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the bolt in its retracted position; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. l look` ing in the direction of the arrows.

To illustrate one embodiment of my invention I have shown in the drawings a gun comprising a forearm 10 toA which is secured by the screw 11 the receiver 12 having at its forward end a chamber 13. The receiver is provided with an opening 14 for the reception of a cartridge to load the gun and is also provided with a slot 15 eX- tending rearwardly from the opening 14 and opening through the rear edge of the receiver as shown.

The receiver is provided with a hollow bore as is usual, and rotatably and slidably mounted therein is the bolt 16 having a handle 17 by which it is manipulated. The handle is provided with a polygonal base 18 which locks against the shoulder or edge 19 of the opening 14, as shown more particularly in Fig. l. When the handle is rotated in a position -to move it upwardly, as shown in Fig. l, the polygonal base will slide freely in the slot 15 o move the bolt to the retracted position shown in A striker 20 is slidably mounted within the bolt and spring propelled in the usual manner, this striker having secured thereto a pin 21 guided in a longitudinal groove 22 in the receiver to prevent its rotation. The bolt is provided with a cam slot 23 in which the pin 21 is received when the bolt is in locked position, as shown in Fig. l. As is customary, when the handle 17 is rotated from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2, one edge of the cam slot 23 engages the pin 21 and retracts the striker 20 to the position shown in Fig. 2 which is its cocked position.

A sear 24 of any usual form may be pivoted at 25 to a block 26 secured to the receiver, the rear end of this sear engaging the pin 21 to hold the striker in cocked position when the bolt is returned to tiring position. The sear may be released by the trigger 27 pivoted at 28 t0 the block 26.

The safety mechanism comprises a lever 3d secured to a pin 31 rotatably mounted in the spaced side walls of the block 26. The end 32 of this lever engages a shoulder 33 on the trigger as shown, for example, in Figs. 2 and 3 to prevent the trigger being pulled. An arm 34 is secured to the pin 31, this arm projecting upwardly beside the receiver where it is provided with a button 35 by which it may be manipulated so that the safety. may be moved manually from the on position shown in Fig. 2 to the off position shown in Fig. l and vice versa.

Provision is made for automatically moving the safety to its operative positon when the bolt is rotated to itsas shown inv Figs. 1 and 4,'.is` received in a` recess 40 (Figs. 3 and 4) provided infthe bolt 16.V As shown in Fig. 4,l this recessV is Vroundediny both directions transversely and longitudinallytofvthe bolt so'that the wall of the recess, upon movement of the bolt and particularlyy rotative movement thereof, will act ascam"means to cam the pin out of the recess.

As the pin acts 'upon the-lever 30`at a point "rearwardly of the pivot' 31, movement of the pin downwardly from the position shown in Figs. l and 4 will move the safety mechanism to its operative position so that it will be automatically set iny safety position whenever the bolt is rotated and retracted to eject the spent shell and insert a new cartridge into the receiver. It is, of course, understood that the setting of the safety takes place upon rotation of the bolt, for upon such rotation the pin will be cammed out of the slot 40 and move the safety lever to safe position.

in Fig. l of the drawings the parts are shown in the position which they occupy after discharge of the iirearm. When the user moves the handle 17 upwardly to the position shown in. Fig. 2.to align the base 18 of the handle with the slot 15 to permit retraction of the bolt, the pin 37 will be forced downwardly, which action upon the safety lever 30 will move it to the position shown in Fig. 2 in which the trigger is dogged or locked againstmovement. At the same time the striker 20 will be moved to cocked position by the cam-shaped recess 23. The arm 34 will have been swung rearwardly at the same time.

The bolt is now drawn rearwardly to the position shown in Fig. 3 to permit the loading of a new cartridge into the receiver and then thrust forwardly again to close thebreech of the chamber. This forward movement of the bolt will have no effect on the safety lever or the arm 34 and, when the bolt is in its foremost position, as shown, for example, in Fig. 2, the recess 40 will still not register with the pin 37 so that the safety cannot be moved to off position even if the operators hand should strike the button' 35.

However, when the handle is rotated from the position'shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 1 to lock the breech bolt in its closed position, the recess 40 will have been rotated to the position shown in Fig. 4 in which it registers with the pin 37. At this time the operator may `by forward pressure upon the button 3S move the Vsafety to its olf position shown in Fig. 1 so that the gun-is conditioned for firing.

It will ber seen that with the above construction the safety mechanism is automatically moved to its operative position whenever the bolt is rotated preliminary to introducing a new cartridge into the gun and it will be positively retained in this position until the bolt has been returned to its locked position. Therefore, it will be impossible for the shooter to accidentally move'the safety to its off position in returning the bolt forwardly. After the bolt has been locked in its forward or battery position, the safety mechanism is still in its safe position 'but may then be manually moved to its off position by forward pressure upon the button 35. If desired, the pin 37 may be formed integrally-with the safety'lever 30 instead of being aseparate member, in which case the opening 39 in the lower wall of the receiver would be slightly elongated to allow for the pivotal movement of the pin element about the pivot'31. Otherwise the structure and operation would be the same.

While I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention, Yit will be understood that vit is not to be limited to all of thedetails shown,- but is capable .of modification and variation within the spirit of the invention and within the scope of the claims.

What I claim is:

1. A firearm comprising a receiver, a bolt mounted in the receiver for longitudinal movement and for rotative movement to and from locked position, al striker reciprocably carried by the bolt, a sear member controlling the release of the striker, `a trigger member to actuate the sear, a safety lever pivoted to the receiver to engage and prevent movement of one of said members and manually movable to of position, and means to prevent such manual movement ofthe safety lever until the bolt is rotated to locked position, said means cornprising an opening through the receiver wall, an element movably received in saidopening in position to be engaged by a part of the bolt upon its rotation and projecting outwardly therefrom to actuate said safety lever to safety position when the bolt is rotated to unlocked position.

2. `A firearm as in claim 1 wherein the bolt is provided with cam means to engagev and actuate said element when the boltis rotated,y to unlocked position and to release said element when the bolt is rotated to locked position.

3. A firearm as in claim 1 wherein the bolt is provided with cam means to engage and actuate said element when the bolt isjrotated to unlocked position and to release said element when the bolt is rotated to locked position, f

and wherein is provided a manually operable arm to move saidsafety to off position when so released.

4. A'iirearm comprising'a receiver, a bolt mounted in the receiver for longitudinal movement to and from battery' position and for rotational movement to and from locked position, a reciprocable striker carried by the bolt, a trigger to effect release of the striker, a safety lever pivoted to the receiver and movable to and from a safety position wherein it prevents vmovement of the trigger, an arm secured to said safety lever and disposed laterally of the receiver for manual engagement and operation, means to move said safety lever to safety position, said means vcomprising a pin mounted in the receiver and projecting therefrom to engage said lever at a point removed from its pivot, and means carried by the bolt to cam said pin outwardly with respect to the receiver to cause it to engage and actuate the safety lever to safety position upon rotation of the bolt to unlocked position.

5. A firearm comprising a receiver, a bolt mounted in the receiver for 'longitudinal movement to and from battery position and for rotational movement'to and from locked position,'a reciprocable striker carried by the bolt, a trigger to effect release of the striker, a safety lever pivoted to the'receiver and movable to'and from a safety position wherein it prevents movement of theV trigger, an arm secured to said safety lever and disposed laterally of the receiver for manual engagement and operation, means to move said safety lever to safety position, said means comprising a pin mounted in the receiver and projecting therefrom to engage said lever at a point removed from itspivot, means carried by the bolt to cam said'p'in'outwardly with respect to the receiver to v a safety position wherein it prevents movement of the" i trigger, an a'rm secured to said safety leverv and disposed laterally of the receiver for manual engagement and oper- References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Nelson Feb. 27, 1923 Page Apr. 2, 1929 Rice Apr. 24, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Aug. 10, 1911 

